Available as an elective from the third year to the seventh, the study of Ancient Runes focuses upon memorisation of its alphabets, its history and the histories of the cultures in which they were used, translation of ancient writings, and its use in castings and wards. The latter two strongly coincide with Divinations and Defence Against the Dark Arts studies, and serious students are strongly encouraged to take up these classes as well. They are also encouraged to independently take linguistic studies.

Third year: Students are given an introduction to Runes, which focuses primarily upon history and the memorisation of its alphabet. In addition to memorisation, they are taught the basics of reading and writing the language.

Fourth year: The basics of Rune-casting are introduced, the most common methods taught including the single cast and both forms of the three-rune casting. In addition to casting, students continue to work on their skills in translating and learning Runic history.

Fifth year: Preparation for the OWLs dominates the coursework of the fifth year. Students learn the Nine-Rune method of casting, and they continue on improving their skills in reading and writing in the Runic language.

For the OWLs: Through written examinations, students must demonstrate their knowledge of Runic history and be able to translate specific passages of text. Practicals include making several castings and then making accurate readings.

Sixth year: The Divinations aspect of Runes is complete, and students are now introduced to the basics of warding that strongly coincide with Defence Against the Dark Arts studies. Work in strengthening vocabulary continues, and students may choose to focus more on the history and translation or on learning to attune Runes to create specific wards. Students may take up a second Runic language that is preferably related to the Futhark set at this time.

Seventh year: Studies continue in translating and creating advanced wards, and students spend a good portion of their time preparing for their NEWTs. Students continue the study of their second language.